Which of the following is most likely to be affected in students with learning disabilities (LD)?

The selection of memory, problem-solving, and language processing as the most likely areas affected in students with learning disabilities is grounded in the core characteristics of these disabilities. Learning disabilities often involve specific deficits that impact how students acquire, retain, and utilize information.

Memory is crucial for learning, as it enables students to recall information necessary for academic tasks. Students with learning disabilities may struggle with working memory, which is essential for holding and manipulating information during tasks. Problem-solving is another critical area, as many students with learning disabilities find it challenging to apply information in novel situations or to think critically when encountering new problems.

Language processing, which encompasses understanding spoken and written language, is often specifically targeted in students with learning disabilities, particularly those with dyslexia or language-based disabilities. Difficulties in processing language can interfere with a student's ability to read, write, and engage in effective communication.

While physical coordination and social skills, artistic skills and creativity, and interest in recreational activities can also be influenced by a variety of factors, they are not as directly linked to the cognitive deficits characterized by learning disabilities. The impact on language processing and cognitive functions, such as memory and problem-solving, makes the first option the most accurate representation of the difficulties faced by students with learning disabilities.